ABSTRACT
The radioprotective effects of vitamin C and famotidine were investigated using the micronucleus test for anticlastogenic and cell proliferation activity. Various doses of vitamin C and famotidine were administered intraperitoneally 2 h before 2Gy gamma irradiation to NMRI adult male mice. Frequency of micronuclei in 1000 PCEs [MnPCEs] were scored for each sample. Cell proliferation ratio [PCE/PCE+NCE] was also calculated. Data were statistically evaluated using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test. The results indicated that gamma irradiation alone caused a significant increase in the MnPCEs and reduced the cell proliferation ratio. Administration of various doses of famotidine and vitamin C before gamma irradiation reduced MnPCEs and therefore clastogenic effects of radiation. Famotidine didn't change cell proliferation compared to the irradiation group but vitamin C significantly improved and increased cell proliferation to the control group's level. The dose reduction factor [DRF] calculated, shows a DRF=2 for famotidine and a DRF=1.7 for vitamin C which is indicative of a high radioprotective property of these compounds. The way in which these compounds reduced the clastogenic effects of radiation might be via antioxidant property and free radical scavenging mechanism
ABSTRACT
Developing new bone pain palliation agents is a mandate in handling end-stage cancer patients around the world. Possibly, Lu-177 ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonic acid [[177]Lu-EDTMP] is a therapeutic agent which can be widely used in bone palliation therapy. In this study, [177]Lu-EDTMP complex was prepared successfully using synthesized EDTMP ligand and [177]LuCl[3]. Lu-177 chloride was obtained by thermal neutron irradiation [4 _ 10[13] n.cm[-2]s[-1]] of natural Lu[2]O[3] samples. Radiochemical purity of [177]Lu-EDTMP was determined by ITLC [more than 99%]. Stability studies of the final preparations in the presence of human serum were performed. The biodistribution of [177]Lu-EDTMP and [177]LuCl[3] in wild-type rats was studied by SPECT imaging. A comparative accumulation study for [177]Lu-EDTMP and [177]LuCl[3] was performed for vital organs up to 7 days. The complex was obtained in high radiochemical purity [more than 99%]. The complex was stable in vitro in presence of human serum as well as final formulation. Significant bone uptake [> 70%] was observed for the radiopharmaceutical. Due to better physical properties of Lu-177 compared to Sm-153 and acceptable biodistribution results of the compound, [177]Lu-EDTMP seemed to be an interesting new candidate for clinical trials for bone pain palliation therapy
ABSTRACT
Filtering can greatly affect the quality of clinical images. Determining the best filter and the proper degree of smoothing can help to ensure the most accurate diagnosis. Forty five patient's data aquired during brain phantom SPECT studies were reconstructed using filtered back-projection technique. The ramp, Shepp-Logan, Cosine, Hamming, Hanning, Butterworth, Metz and Wiener filters were examined to find the optimum condition for each filter. For each slice image, 6200 reconstruction options were considered. The corresponding planar image of each slice was used as the reference image. The quality of reconstructed images was determined using universal image quality index [UIQI]. Four nuclear medicine physicians evaluated the images to choose the best of the filters. Images with best resolution, contrast, smoothness and overall quality were selected by nuclear medicine physicians depending on filters used to generate the best image. A significant difference [p<0.05] between the filters regarding these parameters were observed. The results of this study revealed that maximum resolution and contrast could be obtained using both Metz and Wiener filters. However, the best quality images were generated by using Butterworth filter